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All of this allows residents to bring their daily activities out of their homes (which in Paris tend to be small) and into welcoming, safe streets and squares.\u003C/p>",[510,511],{"name":482,"type":406,"value":482},{"name":484,"type":406,"value":484},{"id":268,"type":369,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":513,"updated_at":514,"owner_id":132,"owner_relationship":372,"views":360,"owner":515,"image":516,"contributors":519,"article_locations":523,"article_industries":535,"view_count":360,"like_count":360,"collection_count":397,"content":542,"can_edit":410},"2021-03-26T09:39:41.607Z","2025-01-17T16:24:00.223Z",{"id":132,"type":133,"owner_id":132,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":517,"link":518,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":513,"updated_at":514,"article_id":268,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"SyN7q3jQVu4=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778092723913-2yPy8W2P.jpeg",[520,521,522],{"contributor_id":456},{"contributor_id":132},{"contributor_id":380},[524,530],{"article_id":268,"location_id":525,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"location":526},"3451190",{"id":525,"type":386,"name":527,"color":15,"parent_location_id":528,"created_at":529,"updated_at":15},"Rio de Janeiro","BRA","2026-02-27T07:55:25.880Z",{"article_id":268,"location_id":528,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"location":531},{"id":528,"type":532,"name":533,"color":15,"parent_location_id":534,"created_at":427,"updated_at":15},"country","Brazil","SA",[536],{"article_id":268,"industry_id":537,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"industry":538},"construction_materials_and_products",{"id":537,"name":539,"description":540,"sector":541},"Construction Materials and Products","Producing building materials and finished and semi-finished building products for construction","construction_and_infrastructure",{"id":543,"score":360,"body":544,"status":409,"article_id":268,"created_at":513,"updated_at":514,"published_at":513},"SOGL",{"title":545,"summary":546,"attachment":547},"QUALIVERDE, tax breaks for sustainable projects - Rio de Janeiro","\u003Cp>\"QUALIVERDE is a voluntary city-specific programme with sustainable targets. Points are available for using certified timber and concrete replacement. Using the QUALIVERDE assessment can come with tax benefits\"\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>(Source: C40's Clean Construction Policy Explorer)\u003C/p>",[548],{"name":549,"type":406,"value":549},"https://publications.waset.org/10011983/analyzing-the-potential-of-job-creation-by-taking-the-first-step-towards-circular-economy-case-study-of-brazil",{"id":230,"type":369,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":551,"updated_at":552,"owner_id":132,"owner_relationship":372,"views":360,"owner":553,"image":15,"contributors":554,"article_locations":559,"article_industries":564,"view_count":360,"like_count":360,"collection_count":397,"content":570,"can_edit":410},"2021-01-22T10:14:54.700Z","2025-01-17T16:21:17.493Z",{"id":132,"type":133,"owner_id":132,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},[555,557,558],{"contributor_id":556},"L-bxzA",{"contributor_id":132},{"contributor_id":380},[560],{"article_id":230,"location_id":561,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"location":562},"3464975",{"id":561,"type":386,"name":563,"color":15,"parent_location_id":528,"created_at":529,"updated_at":15},"Curitiba",[565],{"article_id":230,"industry_id":566,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"industry":567},"waste_management",{"id":566,"name":568,"description":569,"sector":396},"Waste Management","Collecting waste from households and businesses by means of refuse bins, wheeled bins, containers, etc., and providing treatment, incineration, materials recovery and reclamation, and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste",{"id":571,"score":360,"body":572,"status":409,"article_id":230,"created_at":551,"updated_at":552,"published_at":551},"4-sX",{"title":573,"summary":574,"solution":575,"attachment":576},"Incentivised recycling in Curitiba, Brazil","\u003Cp>\"The city of Curitiba started the first recycling program in Brazil’s large cities in 1984, which turned out to be one of the most successful in the world and a leading example of a low cost but effective waste management program.\"\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Text by Oscar Ricardo Schmeiske in https://www.resourcepanel.org/file/323/download?token=oYh3a-SH\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>\"Extensive publicity and education campaigns were used to encourage residents to separate their garbage, with a strong focus on the role of children as change agents. Several communication campaigns were aimed specifically at encouraging children to separate their waste at home, mainly through the city’s elementary schools.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The recycling program - loosely translated as “Garbage that is not Garbage” (Lixoquenão é lixo) - was based on encouraging home separation of garbage into organic and non-organic components. Recyclable waste was collected once a week by a private contractor, and taken to a processing centre owned by the city. The facility employs homeless people and recovering\"\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The city created the “Garbage Purchase” program. This was aimed at encouraging neighbourhood associations to become involved in the management of centralised garbage containers on the periphery of areas that are difficult for collection trucks to access. Residents associations work with the city government to distribute bags and control the recyclables collected by each family. To incentivise the public to get involved, every bag filled with 8 to 10 kg of waste could be exchanged for a bus ticket. The value of these tickets was equivalent to the cost of conventional garbage collection, but did not involve any direct expense by the city as bus operator companies are remunerated based on mileage and not passenger numbers.\"\u003C/p>",[577,579],{"name":578,"type":406,"value":578},"https://www.renewablematter.eu/articles/article/colombia-chooses-the-circular-economy",{"name":580,"type":406,"value":580},"https://www.cccs.org.co/wp/download/comite-tecnico-actualizacion-de-la-estrategia-nacional-de-economia-circular-del-ministerio-de-ambiente-y-desarrollo-so/?wpdmdl=19635",{"id":338,"type":369,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":582,"updated_at":583,"owner_id":461,"owner_relationship":372,"views":360,"owner":584,"image":585,"contributors":588,"article_locations":593,"article_industries":597,"view_count":360,"like_count":360,"collection_count":360,"content":609,"can_edit":410},"2020-10-01T14:56:32.024Z","2025-01-17T16:18:36.193Z",{"id":461,"type":133,"owner_id":461,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":586,"link":587,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":582,"updated_at":583,"article_id":338,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"X7fTiRINVqE=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778157156162-0jhnEgYR.jpeg",[589,590,591,592],{"contributor_id":456},{"contributor_id":556},{"contributor_id":461},{"contributor_id":132},[594],{"article_id":338,"location_id":561,"created_at":595,"updated_at":15,"location":596},"2026-05-07T12:32:29.755Z",{"id":561,"type":386,"name":563,"color":15,"parent_location_id":528,"created_at":529,"updated_at":15},[598,604],{"article_id":338,"industry_id":599,"created_at":595,"updated_at":15,"industry":600},"passenger_transport_services",{"id":599,"name":601,"description":602,"sector":603},"Passenger Transport Services","Providing air, water, rail, and land transportation for passengers, such as airlines, airports, ferries, cruise-ships, tour boat operators, marine ports, railways, train stations, tour bus operators, vehicle rental, and taxi companies, travel agencies and related services","transportation_and_logistics",{"article_id":338,"industry_id":605,"created_at":595,"updated_at":15,"industry":606},"transportation_equipment",{"id":605,"name":607,"description":608,"sector":603},"Transportation Equipment","Producing transportation equipment for the movement of goods and people by air, rail, sea, and land, including airplanes, spacecraft and military equipment, ships, boats, rail locomotives and rolling stock, motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers, and related equipment, as well as repair services for such equipment",{"id":610,"score":360,"body":611,"status":409,"article_id":338,"created_at":582,"updated_at":583,"published_at":582},"AZCW",{"title":612,"outcome":613,"problem":614,"summary":615,"solution":616,"attachment":617},"Curitiba's electric vehicle initiative","\u003Cp>The city government noted that the change has dramatically reduced CO2 emissions, brought down fuel costs significantly, and reduced noise pollution. The success of this strategy for reducing emissions has been embedded into a wider strategy to integrate more sustainable mobility services in Curitiba into an intelligent city network, including an expansion of the bus transit system and the implementation of new smart mobility services. The city has also noted that EVs have been 'demystified' and their acceptance has notably improved.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>The city of Curitiba realized that it's urban planning and infrastructure, having been developed around mostly vehicles that are almost all entirely privately owned, caused immense traffic problems that generated high amounts of greenhouse gas pollution that concerned the government. The city needed to curb this so it sought to encourage the public to make the switch from fossil fuel based vehicles to electric vehicles but was met with hesitation about their reliability.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>After the realization that it’s road-based infrastructure requires a change towards electric vehicles to be more sustainable, the city of Curitiba takes the initiative to dispel public hesitancy in making the transition from fossil fuel based vehicles to electric vehicles by replacing part of it’s own public transportation fleet with EV’s.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>The Curitiba city government, in partnership with Renault-Nissan do Brazil, decided to encourage the public to switch by changing part of its bus fleet to electric cars and minibuses. Along with this initiative, they have also installed ten charging stations for these vehicles in the city, where the electricity is provided for by a nearby hydroelectric dam.\u003C/p>",[618,620,622],{"name":619,"type":406,"value":619},"https://www.circle-economy.com/resources/the-social-economy-a-means-for-inclusive-decent-work-in-the-circular-economy",{"name":621,"type":406,"value":621},"http://www.haitifarmers.org/",{"name":623,"type":406,"value":623},"https://borgenproject.org/the-smallholder-farmers-alliance-and-the-healing-of-haiti/",{"id":324,"type":369,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":625,"updated_at":626,"owner_id":449,"owner_relationship":372,"views":360,"owner":627,"image":628,"contributors":631,"article_locations":639,"article_industries":644,"view_count":360,"like_count":360,"collection_count":397,"content":651,"can_edit":410},"2021-08-19T16:10:23.974Z","2024-01-23T12:45:08.604Z",{"id":449,"type":133,"owner_id":449,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":629,"link":630,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":625,"updated_at":626,"article_id":324,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"l-7Kf7bei00=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778092760145-YFKpmsZl.jpeg",[632,634,636,637,638],{"contributor_id":633},"Focw8Q",{"contributor_id":635},"IaHWVw",{"contributor_id":449},{"contributor_id":132},{"contributor_id":380},[640],{"article_id":324,"location_id":641,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"location":642},"3448439",{"id":641,"type":386,"name":643,"color":15,"parent_location_id":528,"created_at":529,"updated_at":15},"São Paulo",[645],{"article_id":324,"industry_id":646,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"industry":647},"personal_products_and_services",{"id":646,"name":648,"description":649,"sector":650},"Personal Products and Services","Producing and providing leisure and personal products and services for consumers, such as cleaning products, sports equipment and toys, personal and beauty care products, as well as domestic and personal services such as caretaking, cleaning, hairdressing and other beauty treatment, funeral and related activities","goods_and_services",{"id":652,"score":360,"body":653,"status":409,"article_id":324,"created_at":625,"updated_at":626,"published_at":625},"cMPe",{"title":654,"outcome":655,"problem":656,"summary":657,"solution":658,"attachment":659},"Banning billboards and outdoor advertising in São Paulo to reduce consumption","\u003Cp>\"Visual pollution\" has been reduced, though five years after the Clean City Law was enacted, the city began to gradually reintroduce advertising in a controlled manner. Removing ads freed up space for local artwork. It also led citizens and city leaders to notice problems that needed to be addressed, which had been previously disguised by the large advertisements, for instance, small favelas or crumbling infrastructure.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>In recent decades, a growing culture of rapid consumption has grown worldwide, promoted and fuelled via advertising, which has become ubiquitous within the urban landscape. In the early 2000s, advertising grew exponentially in Brazil, and São Paulo began to suffocate under a smog of signage.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>São Paulo, Brazil, took steps to reclaim public spaces by banning outdoor advertisements. The cities filled spaces that were formerly occupied by advertisements with street art, community noticeboards, and trees. Such an intervention could support a shift towards more sustainable lifestyles of residents by reducing advertising that advocates for the consumption of products.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>In 2007, the City of São Paulo introduced its Clean City Law, and over 15,000 marketing billboards and 300,000 large business signs were taken down. Bus, taxi, and poster advertisements had to be removed as well.\u003C/p>",[660,662],{"name":661,"type":406,"value":661},"https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/aug/11/can-cities-kick-ads-ban-urban-billboards",{"name":663,"type":406,"value":663},"https://99percentinvisible.org/article/clean-city-law-secrets-sao-paulo-uncovered-outdoor-advertising-ban/",{"id":302,"type":369,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":665,"updated_at":666,"owner_id":449,"owner_relationship":372,"views":360,"owner":667,"image":668,"contributors":671,"article_locations":676,"article_industries":682,"view_count":360,"like_count":360,"collection_count":397,"content":699,"can_edit":410},"2021-08-19T15:30:00.922Z","2024-01-23T12:43:02.622Z",{"id":449,"type":133,"owner_id":449,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":669,"link":670,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":665,"updated_at":666,"article_id":302,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"9QVh7npBWVM=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778092751812-nn_QOv5T.jpeg",[672,673,675],{"contributor_id":449},{"contributor_id":674},"r5yGMQ",{"contributor_id":132},[677],{"article_id":302,"location_id":678,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"location":679},"3530597",{"id":678,"type":386,"name":680,"color":15,"parent_location_id":681,"created_at":427,"updated_at":15},"Mexico City","MEX",[683,685,687,693],{"article_id":302,"industry_id":566,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"industry":684},{"id":566,"name":568,"description":569,"sector":396},{"article_id":302,"industry_id":646,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"industry":686},{"id":646,"name":648,"description":649,"sector":650},{"article_id":302,"industry_id":688,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"industry":689},"chemical_and_plastic",{"id":688,"name":690,"description":691,"sector":692},"Chemical and Plastic","Producing basic and specialty chemicals, inks, agricultural chemical such as fertilisers and pesticides, plastics including packaging, and rubber","materials_and_fuels",{"article_id":302,"industry_id":694,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"industry":695},"food_and_beverage",{"id":694,"name":696,"description":697,"sector":698},"Food and Beverage","Processing and producing food and beverages for consumption","agri_food",{"id":700,"score":360,"body":701,"status":409,"article_id":302,"created_at":665,"updated_at":666,"published_at":665},"0sQl",{"title":702,"outcome":703,"problem":704,"summary":705,"solution":706,"attachment":707},"Mexico City bans single-use plastics and promotes compostable packaging","\u003Cp>Overall, the law highlights the importance of the circular economy model by encouraging citizens and businesses to generate more sustainable habits by using reusable packaging and not only substituting for compostable disposables, even when they are allowed.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>According to the capital's environmental agency, Mexico City, one of the world's largest cities, produced around 13,000 tons of garbage per day in 2020. Plastics in total (PET, PP, HDPE, LDPE, PS, etc.) account for 13.21% of the waste currently generated in the city, i.e. around 1,700 tonnes per day. Around 48% of it is used for packaging, and while much of it is recyclable, a significant portion of it is not.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Through the City's Solid Residues Law (\"Ley de Residuos Sólidos de la CDMX\"), Mexico City banned single-use plastics, including cutlery, containers, cups, straws, balloons, cotton swabs, plastic bags, and other items. Following an adjustment period from the law's publication, a ban on the sale and distribution of disposable plastic items took effect in January 2021.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The law also encompasses the types of plastics that can be used as substitutes for the banned items, including compostable plastics and other non-compostable but more durable alternatives like HDPE and PET.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>The City's Solid Residues Law (\"Ley de Residuos Sólidos de la CDMX\") entered into effect on January 1st, 2021. In addition to the ban on the sale and distribution of disposable plastic items, the law contemplates the banning of microplastics on new products as well as a detailed list of items that are excluded from this ban (e.g. sanitary products or medical devices).\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Moreover, it encompasses a detailed set of guidelines for the production, handling, and disposal of compostable plastic items.\u003C/p>",[708,710],{"name":709,"type":406,"value":709},"https://www.dw.com/en/mexico-city-begins-2021-with-ban-on-single-use-plastics/a-56113859",{"name":711,"type":406,"value":711},"http://www.data.sedema.cdmx.gob.mx:8081/culturaambiental/images/Prohibicion_plasticos_desechables_presentacion_ventana_informativa.pdf",{"id":210,"type":369,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":713,"updated_at":714,"owner_id":449,"owner_relationship":372,"views":360,"owner":715,"image":716,"contributors":719,"article_locations":728,"article_industries":731,"view_count":360,"like_count":360,"collection_count":397,"content":739,"can_edit":410},"2020-12-01T11:02:08.165Z","2023-12-28T18:01:55.052Z",{"id":449,"type":133,"owner_id":449,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":717,"link":718,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":713,"updated_at":714,"article_id":210,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"5VJOxu_13ok=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778092613517-eLufLwp8.jpeg",[720,722,723,724,725,726],{"contributor_id":721},"bd1tUw",{"contributor_id":449},{"contributor_id":674},{"contributor_id":132},{"contributor_id":380},{"contributor_id":727},"z9DFSQ",[729],{"article_id":210,"location_id":678,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"location":730},{"id":678,"type":386,"name":680,"color":15,"parent_location_id":681,"created_at":427,"updated_at":15},[732,734],{"article_id":210,"industry_id":392,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"industry":733},{"id":392,"name":394,"description":395,"sector":396},{"article_id":210,"industry_id":735,"created_at":384,"updated_at":15,"industry":736},"water_and_sewage",{"id":735,"name":737,"description":738,"sector":396},"Water and Sewage","Providing water and sewage services, including water collection and distribution, water treatment systems and sewage treatment facilities",{"id":740,"score":360,"body":741,"status":409,"article_id":210,"created_at":713,"updated_at":714,"published_at":713},"OnFG",{"title":742,"outcome":743,"problem":744,"summary":745,"solution":746,"attachment":747},"Rainwater harvesting in Mexico City","\u003Cp>So far, more than 21,000 SCALLs have been installed in Mexico City's periphery. This translates into 870 million liters of water harvested every year and 130,000 users who directly benefit from rain water.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Over half a million people may survive for up to seven months without access to the metropolitan water infrastructure if the programme is effective.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Moreover, the effectiveness of this strategy could set a new precedent in urban governance, with whole areas of the city no longer depending on the government for daily access to this fundamental resource.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>The provision and management of water resources is one of the most important areas related with Mexico City's environmental resilience. Dependence on external sources of supply, increased demand due to urbanisation, overexploitation of the aquifer, and inefficiencies in the water management system create a vulnerable situation, which is exacerbated by climate change's negative effects, such as increased water demand, degradation of catchment areas, and reduction in quality and recharge.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The natural availability of water in Mexico City is expected to decrease by 13 percent to 17 percent by 2050. Similarly, climate change can exacerbate current water infrastructure issues, such as lower rainfall, which is linked to supply cuts to ration consumption and ensure resource supply; or more intense rain, which exceeds the drainage system's discharge capacity, causing flooding and affecting mobility and public health.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Millions of residents of Mexico City lack access to running water—and those that do have access receive murky water for only a few hours a day. It is predicted that Mexico City will entirely run out of water by 2030, despite abundant water within the city from strong and frequent rainfall.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Mayor Claudia Sheinbaum—an environmental scientist who also sits on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change—intends to combat this growing issue through several fronts in the Local Climate Action Strategy (ELAC) 2020-2040 and the Climate Action Programme of Mexico City (PACCM) 2020-2026. \u003C/p>\u003Cp>The implementation of rainwater harvesting systems (SCALL) are positioned as one of the strategic lines of action in the design of the ELAC and the PACCM, in order to reduce the water vulnerability of Mexico City and strengthen the participatory and inclusive construction of resilience.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Mexico City has developed its Local Climate Action Strategy (ELAC) 2020-2040 and Climate Action Programme of Mexico City (PACCM) 2020-2026, which will integrate climate policy cross-cutting and coordinated in the long, medium, and short term, helping to achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development's Sustainable Development Goals and meeting the Paris Agreement's goals.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The ELAC and the PACCM work to reduce community vulnerability and adaptive capacity in the face of climate change effects (community-based adaptation – AbC); reduce risks and increase the resilience of strategic infrastructure and productive systems (adaptation based on disaster risk reduction – DRR); and conserve and sustainably use ecosystems and ecosystem services (ecosystem-based adaptation – AbE).\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Rainwater harvesting systems (\"Sistemas de Captación de Agua de Lluvia\" (SCALL)) are a type of rainwater harvesting system that encourages the development and use of green technology, as well as water education and awareness, and ensures the involvement of the most vulnerable people. It also mitigates the harmful effects of flooding, ensures the human right to water and health, and promotes Mexico City's water security.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>To install the SCALL, the city government is collaborating with Isla Urbana, a non-profit organisation that has been building harvesting equipment since 2009. \u003C/p>",[748,750,752],{"name":749,"type":406,"value":749},"https://nextcity.org/daily/entry/mexico-citys-rain-harvesting-program-could-change-how-cities-manage-water",{"name":751,"type":406,"value":751},"https://islaurbana.org/english/",{"name":753,"type":406,"value":753},"http://www.data.sedema.cdmx.gob.mx/cambioclimaticocdmx/images/biblioteca_cc/PACCM-y-ELAC_uv.pdf",[]]